Abdominal CT scan (with contrast)

A contrast CT of the abdomen only — from roughly the diaphragm down to the top of the pelvis. It covers the liver, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, adrenal glands and upper bowel. Most patients with abdominal pain get the wider abdomen-and-pelvis scan instead; this narrower code is used when the question lives in the upper belly.

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What it is

The abdomen, in imaging terms, is the compartment holding the solid organs: liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, kidneys and adrenal glands, plus the stomach and the upper loops of intestine. This scan images that compartment after iodine dye has been injected into a vein. The dye is what makes the scan useful — a liver full of blood vessels brightens, a tumor or a dead patch inside it does not brighten the same way, and the contrast between the two is the finding. Whether the pelvis is included is not a detail: it is what separates this code from the far more commonly ordered combined study, and it reflects a decision about where the problem is.

Why it is done

  • To investigate pain in the upper abdomen, including problems with the liver, gallbladder, pancreas or spleen
  • To look at a mass or an abnormality in a solid organ that an ultrasound found but could not fully describe
  • To follow a known liver or kidney lesion, or to check the abdomen for the spread of a cancer being treated
  • To assess the upper abdominal organs after an injury

What to expect

Most centers ask for several hours without food, both because it improves the images and because an empty stomach is safer if the dye causes nausea. An IV goes into the hand or arm. Some protocols include a drink of oral contrast an hour or so beforehand. The injection produces a brief warm flush, a metallic taste, and sometimes a false sensation of having wet oneself. The scanning takes a few minutes with one or two breath-holds, and there is nothing to recover from afterward.

Questions worth asking

  • Was the order for the abdomen alone or for abdomen and pelvis? They are different codes at different prices, and the wider one is what most abdominal pain work-ups actually use.
  • If the pelvis ends up being scanned too because the radiologist asked for it, will that be a second charge or a change of code?
  • Does the quoted price include the contrast material, the IV supplies and the radiologist's read, or only the scan?
  • Have I had a CT of this area recently somewhere else? Bringing those images may avoid a repeat scan, and any disc-transfer fee is trivial next to the cost of rescanning.

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